A CNC lathe is a highly advanced machine tool that precisely controls the machining process through CNC technology. Primarily, it is designed for machining rotationally symmetrical workpieces, including shafts, disks, sleeves, and more. Through automation, it efficiently performs a wide range of turning operations, such as face turning, grooving, and threading. Therefore, it has become an indispensable equipment in modern manufacturing.
CNC Lathe Working Principle
CNC lathe controls the movement of tools and workpieces through the control system to process them. However, the CNC system processes the machining program and converts it into motion commands for each axis of the machine. It drives servo motors or stepping motors, thus realizing the precise movement and positioning of tools or workpieces.
Components
The CNC system is the core of the CNC machine tool. It consists of a computer, input and output devices, and control software. Specifically, it is responsible for receiving and processing machining programs and generating precise control instructions. In addition, the servo drive system includes servo motors and drives. It plays a vital role in executing the CNC system commands and driving the moving parts of the machine.
What’s more, the mechanical body is the physical foundation of the CNC machine tool. It consists of components such as the bed, spindle box, tool holder and tailstock. These components are directly responsible for the actual cutting and machining operations. Finally, the feedback system ensures high accuracy by detecting the position and speed of the machine’s motion. This results in closed-loop control for accurate and reliable performance.
Classification of CNC Lathe
| Spindle Direction | Function | The Number Of Control Axes |
| Horizontal Lathe | Ordinary | Two axis |
| Vertical Lathe | Turning Center | Multi-axis |
Advantages
First of all, CNC lathe can realize high-precision processing, and the error can be controlled in micron level. Secondly, it has a high degree of automation and can work continuously for 24 hours, which greatly improves the productivity.
Immediately after that, it is suitable for multi-species and small-lot production. Because by changing the machining program, different parts can be easily processed.
Lastly, it is highly automated, which reduces the dependence on operator’s skills.
Application Areas
It can be seen in most industries and is an indispensable and important equipment for modern manufacturing. For example, in the field of automotive, aerospace, electronics, molds, medical equipment, engineering machinery and so on.
CNC Lathe Development Trend
CNC lathe is developing in the direction of high-speed, high-precision, intelligent, composite and green. The future will pay more attention to environmental protection, energy saving and intelligent control.
EN 
RU 
ES